The Gelug Ngöndro Refuge Tree or Tsogshing: A Vision of Devotion

The Refuge Tree is a powerful visualization used in the foundational practices (ngöndro) of the Gelug lineage. It represents the entirety of one's spiritual refuge, encompassing the sources of guidance, protection, and inspiration on the path to enlightenment.

Symbolism of the Refuge Tree

The tree is a symbolic representation of the enlightened beings and the spiritual lineage. It serves as the practitioner's primary focus during refuge and bodhicitta recitations, aiding in the cultivation of faith, devotion, and reliance on the Three Jewels (Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha) and the Three Roots (guru, yidams, and protectors).

The tree is often envisioned as a radiant, jewel-like tree growing from an immaculate lotus base. The trunk is stable and golden, with branches spreading out in all directions, signifying inclusivity and vastness.

The base of the tree symbolizes purity and the unshakable foundation of the spiritual path.

At the heart of the tree, seated on a lotus, sun, and moon throne, is Je Tsongkhapa, the founder of the Gelug tradition, flanked by his two main disciples, Gyaltsab Rinchen and Khedrub Rinchen. This triad symbolizes wisdom, compassion, and spiritual realization.

Buddhas: Surrounding Je Tsongkhapa are countless Buddhas of the ten directions, representing ultimate enlightenment.

Bodhisattvas: Arrayed on branches are bodhisattvas like Avalokiteshvara (compassion), Manjushri (wisdom), and Vajrapani (power), representing the perfections (paramitas).

Yidams: Meditational deities like Guhyasamaja, Chakrasamvara, and Vajrayogini appear in their majestic forms, symbolizing skillful means and realization.

Lineage Masters: The unbroken lineage of teachers, starting from Buddha Shakyamuni to Je Tsongkhapa and beyond, are depicted on the upper branches.

Protectors and Dakinis: At the tree's base and lower branches are dharma protectors like Mahakala and dakinis, ensuring the preservation and success of the practitioner's spiritual efforts.

Surrounding Features:

The tree radiates a golden, jewel-like brilliance, symbolizing purity and boundless compassion.

A field of lotuses, adorned with precious gems, encircles the base, signifying auspiciousness and support for spiritual growth.

Practical Use in Ngöndro

• Practitioners visualize the Refuge Tree during the refuge and bodhicitta recitations of ngöndro.
• Each being on the tree is viewed as an emanation of the enlightened mind, and their qualities are invoked for blessing and inspiration.
• Offerings, prostrations, and prayers are directed toward the Refuge Tree as acts of homage.